Install Composer

You can skip this step if you’ve already installed the Composer.

curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php



Make Composer Globally Available

If you wish, you can additionally install Composer globally so you don’t have to type php/path/to/composer.phar every time. The Windows installer will automatically set up the PATH system variable.

mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer



Download Magento 2

Run the following command in the root directory.

composer create-project --repository-url=https://repo.magento.com/ magento/project-community-edition .

//or for specific version
composer create-project --repository-url=https://repo.magento.com/ magento/project-community-edition=2.2.6 .

//at this time (15 april 2021) Magento2 isnt working correctly with Composer v2
//if you are using Composer v2 add flag --ignore-platform-reqs, for example
composer create-project --ignore-platform-reqs --repository-url=https://repo.magento.com/ magento/project-community-edition=2.4.1 .



Magento 2.4.2 Changes

Issue: The [magento_root]/index.php file has been removed, and Magento now runs from /pub by default for Apache configurations. Stores that are served from subfolders will not work as expected and may display 404 errors. Workaround: Use symlinks to emulate the installation of Magento into a subfolder.
https://devdocs.magento.com/guides/v2.4/release-notes/open-source-2-4-2.html#known-issues
https://devdocs.magento.com/guides/v2.4/install-gde/tutorials/change-docroot-to-pub.html



You can get message about missing libraries, following you will require:
ext-mbstring
ext-gd
ext-mcrypt
ext-bcmath
ext-curl
ext-intl
ext-zip
ext-soap

You can install them with following command:

sudo apt-get install php7.0-mbstring php7.0-gd php7.0-mcrypt php7.0-bcmath php7.0-curl php7.0-intl php7.0-zip php7.0-soap



Set Up Permissions

After all the dependencies are retrieved, you should set the correct permissions on the entire Magento 2 installation directory. The official documentation recommends chmod’ing all directories to 700 and all files to a level of 600, however that didnt work for me.

find . -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \; // 644 permission for files
find . -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \; // 755 permission for directory
find ./var -type d -exec chmod 777 {} \; // 777 permission for var folder find ./pub/media -type d -exec chmod 777 {} \;
find ./pub/static -type d -exec chmod 777 {} \;
chmod 777 ./app/etc && chmod 644 ./app/etc/*.xml



Create The Database



Magento 2.4.x - CLI install

See https://www.emizentech.com/blog/magento-2-4-with-elasticsearch-complete-guide.html for complete tutorial.



You can disable TwoFactor Authorization for localhost.

php bin/magento module:disable Magento_TwoFactorAuth



Magento 2.4.x is using ElasticSearch. You can turn it off but then product view will not work, so its better install it

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt install openjdk-8-jdk
java -version

sudo apt install apt-transport-https

wget -qO - https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch | sudo apt-key add -
echo "deb https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/7.x/apt stable main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/elastic-7.x.list

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install elasticsearch
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable elasticsearch.service
sudo systemctl start elasticsearch.service
service elasticsearch status



Edit /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml:

#----------Network---------
transport.host: localhost
transport.tcp.port: 9300
http.port: 9200



sudo ufw allow 22
sudo ufw enable
ufw status

curl localhost:9200    //test elasticsearch



After Magento installation you can configure ElasticSearch in Magento (this isnt required for local).
Store -> Settings -> Configuration -> Catalog -> Catalog -> Catalog Search -> Search Engine 

ElasticSearch Server Hostname: localhost
ElasticSearch Server Port: 9200
ElasticSearch Index Prefix: magento2
Enable ElasticSearch HTTP Auth: No
ElasticSearch Server Timeout: 15




From Magento 2.4.x you need to install it from command line.

php bin/magento setup:install --base-url="http://localhost:8079/magento2/sites/magento2401/" --db-host="localhost" --db-name="magento2401" --db-user="root" --db-password="DB_PASSWORD" --admin-firstname="michal" --admin-lastname="michal" --admin-email="EMAIL" --admin-user="ADMIN_USERNAME" --admin-password="ADMIN_PASSWORD" --language="en_US" --currency="USD" --timezone="America/Chicago" --use-rewrites="1" --backend-frontname="site_admin"



After Installation

If you dont see styles, check paths in sourcode. If you have there something like /version…./ run following querty

INSERT INTO `core_config_data` (`scope`, `scope_id`, `path`, `value`) VALUES ('default', 0, 'dev/static/sign', '0');



Admin not working

in file /etc/apache2/apache2.conf make sure you have AllowOverride All

<Directory /var/www/>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
Require all granted



sudo a2enmod rewrite
sudo service apache2 restart



Admin not working - redirect issue

To correct this, please try to set Use Secure URLs in Admin to true, in System -> Config -> General -> Web.

UPDATE core_config_data set value = "1" where path like '%web/secure/use_in_adminhtml%';



Clear cache with magerun

n98-magerun2.phar cache:clean && n98-magerun2.phar cache:flush && sudo chmod 777 var -R && sudo chmod 777 pub -R



Deploy content

php bin/magento setup:static-content:deploy en_GB en_US -f



Upgrade and compile (if you are adding some new modules with composer)

 sudo php bin/magento setup:upgrade
 sudo php bin/magento setup:di:compile
 sudo n98-magerun2.phar cache:clean && sudo n98-magerun2.phar cache:flush && sudo chmod 777 var -R && sudo chmod 777 pub -R
 php bin/magento cache:clean && php bin/magento cache:flush && sudo chmod 777 var -R && sudo chmod 777 pub -R



Cron

*/2 * * * * /usr/bin/php /var/www/html/magento2/sites/ai23/bin/magento cron:run | grep -v "Ran jobs by schedule" >> /var/www/magento2/sites/ai23/var/log/magento.cron.log
*/2 * * * * /usr/bin/php /var/www/html/magento2/sites/ai23/update/cron.php >> /var/www/magento2/sites/ai23/var/log/update.cron.log
*/2 * * * * /usr/bin/php /var/www/html/magento2/sites/ai23/bin/magento setup:cron:run >> /var/www/magento2/sites/ai23/var/log/setup.cron.log